Aerial for wireless-telegraph systems.



UNITED rr 'nrnnnnr LOUIS mun, on NEW, ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, n'ss'renon, BY meet new mnsnn nssrcnmnm's, we ran]: MGMAKON WIRELBS rnnnenarn AND TELE- PHONE COMPANY, LMTD. or LOUISIANA, or Nnw onLna'Ns, LOUISIANA, a con- ToiaZZ my 65mm I'ORATION or LOUISIANA.

AERIAL ron wrnnnnss-rnrinennmrsYsrnMs.

Specification of Letters l atent.

Patented June e, 1913.

Application filed August 30, 1910, semi No. 579,218. Renewed Augusta, 19112. serialno. 712,780.

Be it known that. I, Hna'snn'r 11- F ALK, a.

' citizen of the United States, and a resident of New Orleans, Orleans arish, Louisiana,

have invented certain Improvements in Aerials for Wireless-Telegraph Systems-of I which the following is a specification.

One object of my invention is to provide a novel form of aerial which shall have its various parts so arranged as to permit of the eiiicient reception fifthe Hertzian orother electro-magnetic waves employed wireless telegraph and of their transmission to {the various instruments employed in detect'ing their resence; it'being especially desired that the device shall be capable of properly performin its functions without transmitting the o jectionable efiects of static electricity.

Another object of vide'an aerial by means of whichit shal be possible to locate the direction from which a series of electro-rnagnetic waves are received, and at the same time, when used in connection with a suitable transmitting apthe invention is to pro- I l lated'from all of the other coils, except that paratus, of emittingftrains or a series of waves in definite predetermined directions} to the exclusion of others.

I further desire to provide an'aerial which shall be of simple, substantial, and relatively light construction, in combination with con trolling switches whereby I am enabled to conveniently utilize the device.

These objects and other advantageous ends I secure as hereinafter set forthyreference being had to the accompanying drawings nected to the receiving instruments,

connections of the various parts of the device, and Fig. 4 ,.i s an enlarged vertical sec tion illustrating the detail construction of one of the receiving ,or transmitting elements of the aerial.

In carrying out my invention, I provide a suitable supporting framework, which, in

the present instance, consists of a wooden or other non-conducting pole 1, at the top,

wit

of which attached a wheel'- like structure 2,"while a second similar structure 3 is mounted ons'aid pole at a suitable distance below-tlie top thereof in a plane substantially parallel to that of the top element. 1

Extending between-the circular rims of these top and bottom members of the frame are a number of helical coils 4 an'd'2l of bare wire through each of which an insulated wire 5 extends axially without being in electrical connection with the coil in which it is mounted. All of said inner wires are, I however, connected to switches 20. whereby any of them may be grounded. Suitable high potential insulators}; and 7 are mounted between each end of. the various wire coils and the circular rims ofthe top and. bottom members 2 and 3. of the frame, so that each of said coils isdelectric'ally insu as shown in F '1 and 2, the coilsare arranged in pairs the individual members of which are connected. I

For convenience of illustration have shown certain of the coils as provided with lon' insulators 6 and others as provided shorter insulators' 7; and while the form or size of said insulators is actually immaterial so far as their performance der operative conditions is concerned,.1it may be noted that the coils 4.- having the insulators 6 constitute the sendin .meinbers of the aerial, being connects to the sending or transmitting apparatus; while 85.

the coils 21 having the insulators 7 are con- For this purpose I extend conductors 9 from .'each air of the wires 21 to switches 10; there eing in this instance .four pairs of' such receiving wires and hence four of the. switches 10. By means of these latterit is possible to connect at will any one of the wires 9 and hence any pair of the wires 21 to the ground indicated at 11 or to one of the four lines leading to the receiving i'nstruments. It is noted that each of the switches 10 includes two blades 22 and 23, ofwhich the first is'considerably' longer than ,the

other; both blades, however, engaging the 1'00 jaws or clips of the contact block 24 connected to one of the aerial wires. The blade 23 is pivoted to a suitable supporting structure of insulating material considerably below the corresponding pivotal support and terminal of the blade 2 so that when it is in its open position all grounded parts of the switch are at a considerable distance from the said blade 22 and its associated parts. The pairs of wires indicated at 4 are similarly brought down to a set of switches indicated at 12 being connected to double jaw terminals of said switches, which like the switches 10, are provided with short blades 25 respectively connected to the transmitting instruments, and long blades 26. A double throw switch 13 may be provided whereby either of the sets of switch blades.

22 or 26 may be connected to the ground at will.

Under ope *ating conditions it is possible, and usually advisable, to ground any or all of the wires of the aerial except that particular pair or pairs which it is desired shall be employed to receive a message and it is to be noted that by so grounding said wires the wires in use are in effect shielded on all sides except for a certain segmental. space in front of'and extending outwardly from the aerial. By this means it is possible to reduce the effect of .a relatively near or powerful station from interfering with or preventing the reception of messages by the apparatus connected to my improved aerial, since bygrounding the various wires 4 and 21, except those on the side of the aerial from which themessage is to be received, I avoid to a great extent the disturbance which would otherwise be caused. Similarly, by means of the arrangement of parts shown I am enabled to direct the trains of electro-magnetic waves by causing them to be emittedin a certain limited and definite direction to the exclusionof all other points of the compass, and for this purpose I ground all of those wires on that side of.

the aerial opposite that nearest the receiving station.

It is, of course, obvious that more than two wires may be employed in each of the sets connected to the various transmitting and receiving wires. However, by the system described the objectionable effects of static electricity are almost entirely avoided and by the arrmigement of the switches shown, any danger of the current jumping from one part of the apparatus to another part which is grounded is likewise prevented.

In the event of there being heavy static discharges from the atmosphere as during electrical storms. I may ground any desired number of the elements of aerial while employing one or more of the other elements in connection with the instruments for receiving messages. I have found that by this means the objectionable etfects of static electricity are reduced to a minimum.

The various interior wires 5 are particularly useful in leading to ground static discharges and especially in protecting the aerial and the instruments from lightning. If desired, said wires may be permanently grounded, although as there may be times when it is desirable for them to be insulated from the ground, I. have provided the switches 20.

I claim:

1. An aerial for wireless telegraph and telephone systems consisting of a frame; elements for receiving or transmitting mounted 01;. said frame and consisting of open coils of wire each having within it a substantially straight length of wire; means for grounding said straight lengths of wire; and means for connecting the wire coils to receiving or transmitting instruments.

2. An aerial for wireless telegraph and telephone systems consisting of a frame; a receiving or transmitting element mounted on the frame and consistmg of an open coil of wire having within it a substantially straight length of wire; the wire of said coil being bare and that of the straight length being insulated, means for grounding said straight length of wire at will; and means for connecting the wire coil to receiving of transmit-ting instruments.

3. An aerial for wireless telegraph and telephone systems consisting of a frame; a plurality of receiving and transmitting members thereon; each member consisting of anopen coil of wire having a straight length of wire extending axially within it; and means for connecting said interior wires with the ground.

4. An aerial for wireless telegraph and telephone systems consisting of a supporting frame including upper and lower support-ing members; a plurality of pairs of receiving elements extending between said supporting members; a plurality of pairs of transmitting elements also extending between the supporting m'embers'and alternating with the receiving elements; and means for connecting said elements to receiving and transmitting instruments.

The combination of an aerial for wireless tclegraph or telephone) systems consisting of a plurality of receiving and transmitting elements; with means for connecting said elements respectively to receiving and transmitting instruments, said means in-- of the other set each having a contact con- In testimony whereof, I have signed my nected to the transmitting elements and two name to this specification, in the presence of blades of unequal length, both capable of two subscribing witnesses.

engaging said contact, the shorter of the HILBERT LOUIS FALK. blades being electrically connected to a Witnesses: v

transmitting instrument and the longer l/VILLIAM'E. BRADLEY,

blade being grounded. WM. A. BARR. 

